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Table 3 Factors associated with the non-wild type (NWT) phenotype for erythromycin, tetracycline, quinupristin-dalfopristin, multidrug-resistance and pansusceptible profile in 146 Enterococcus isolates recovered from 37 Spanish pig farms

From: Antimicrobial resistance in commensal Escherichia coli and Enterococcus spp. is influenced by production system, antimicrobial use, and biosecurity measures on Spanish pig farms

  aAntimicrobial
Independent variable ERY TET cSYN dMDR dPNS
OR (95% CI) OR (95% CI) OR (95% CI) OR (95% CI) OR (95% CI)
Management system Intensive (Ref. category) bNI   bNI bNI  
Organic-extensive 0.11 (0.02–0.35) 9.47 (2.66–59.26)
Type of sample Faeces (Ref. category)   bNI bNI bNI bNI
Slurry 6.63 (1.66–35.00)
Environment 1.83 (0.66–5.71)
Antimicrobial consumption Lincosamides 2.88 (1.45–6.63) bNI 10.98 (3.00–1577.32) 3.79 (2.05–9.80) bNI
Phenicols 7.57 (1.78–62.24) bNI bNI 6.99 (1.57–47.16) bNI
Penicillins 2.79 (1.34–6.94) bNI bNI bNI bNI
  1. aAntimicrobial: ERY Erythromycin, TET Tetracycline, SYN Quinupristin-dalfopristin, MDR Multidrug-resistance, PNS Pansusceptibility
  2. bNI: not included in the final model
  3. cSYN: E. faecalis was excluded of the quinupristin-dalfopristin mixed-effects logistic regressions
  4. dMDR; dPNS: quinupristin-dalfopristin was excluded for the characterization of MDR and PNS phenotypes in E. faecalis
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